Toptailieu.vn biên soạn và giới thiệu kiến thức tổng hợp lý thuyết và bài tập Câu bị động (Passive Voice) - Cấu trúc theo thì, cách dùng và bài tập trong Tiếng Anh, giúp học sinh ôn tập và bổ sung kiến thức cũng như hoàn thành tốt các bài kiểm tra môn Tiếng Anh. Mời các bạn đón xem:

Câu bị động (Passive Voice) - Cấu trúc theo thì, cách dùng và bài tập trong Tiếng Anh

I. Khái niệm và cách dùng chung  của câu bị động

- Câu bị động được dùng khi ta muốn nhấn mạnh vào hành động trong câu, tác nhân gây ra hành động dù là người hay vật gì cũng không quá quan trọng.

II. Cấu trúc câu bị động

* Cấu trúc chung câu bị động

Active:      S + V + O + ……. 

Passive:    S + be + V3/ed + (by O) + ……

Ví dụ: 

- My sister does the homework everyday

-> The homework is done by my sister everyday

Các chú ý khi đổi từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động:

• Tân ngữ câu chủ động thành chủ ngữ câu chủ động.

• Câu chủ động ở thì nào thì “be” ở câu bị động chia ở thì đó.

• By + O đứng trước trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian, đứng sau trạng ngữ chỉ nơi chốn. Nếu sau “by” là đại từ vô nhân xưng (I, you, we, they, he, she) và các chủ ngữ  mang nghĩa người ta như people, somebody,… thì ta bỏ “by O” đi.

• Nếu là người hoặc vật trực tiếp gây ra hành động thì dùng “by” nếu là vật gián tiếp gây ra hành động thì dùng “with”.

Ví dụ:

- The bird was shot with the gun. The bird was shot by the hunter.

* Cấu trúc câu bị động cụ thể đối với các thì tiếng Anh cơ bản

Bài tập

Bài 1: Chuyển các câu sau sang thể bị động.

1. The waiter brings me this dish.

2. Our friends send these postcards to us.

3. Their grandmother told them this story when they visited her last week.

4. Tim ordered this train ticket for his mother.

5. She showed her ticket to the airline agent.

6. Jim baked this cake yesterday.

7. They are going to buy a new apartment next year.

8. The shop assistant handed these boxes to the customer.

9. The board awarded the first prize to the reporter.

10. Have you sent the Christmas cards to your family?

11. The committee appointed Alice secretary for the meeting.

12. Tom will give Anna a ride to school tomorrow.

13. They keep this room tidy all the time.

14. We gave Ann some bananas and some flowers.

15. They moved the fridge into the living room.

Đáp án: 

1. This dish is brought to me by the waiter.

2. These postcards are sent to us by our friends.

3. They were told this story by their grandmother when they visited her last week.

4. This train ticket was ordered for Tom’s mother by him.

5. Her ticket was shown to the airline agent by her.

6. This cake was baked by Jim yesterday.

7. A new apartment is going to be bought next year.

8. The customer was handed these boxes by the shop assistant.

9. The first prize was awarded to the reporter by the board.

10. Have the Christmas cards been sent to your family?

11. Alice was appointed secretary for the meeting by the committee.

12. Anna will be given a ride to school by Tom tomorrow.

13. This room is kept tidy all the time.

14. Ann was given some bananas and some flowers by us.

15. The fridge was moved into the living room.

Bài 2: Chọn đáp án đúng

1. Many U.S. automobiles --------------- in Detroit, Michigan.

A. manufacture                           B. have manufactured

C. are manufactured                         D. are manufacturing

2. I still can’t believe it! My bicycle ----------- last night.

A. was stolen                         B. was stealing

C. stolen                         D. stole 

3. Let’s go ahead and do it now. Nothing ------------ by waiting.

A. will be accomplished                         B. accomplished

C. has accomplished                                   D. accomplishes

4.” When ----------? “   - In 1928

A. penicillin was discovered                         B. did penicillin discovered

C. was penicillin discovered                        D. did penicillin discover 

5.  The rescuers ---------- for their bravery and fortitude in locating the lost mountain climbers.

A. were praised                         B. praised

C. were praising                         D. praising

6. Vitamin C ---------- by the human body. It gets into the bloods stream quickly.

A. absorbs easily                         B. is easily absorbing

C. is easily absorbed                         D. absorbed easily

7. Renoir is one of the most popular French impressionist painters. His paintings ---------- masterpieces all over the world.

A. had considered                         B. are considering

C. are considered                         D. consider

8. We can’t go along here because the road is ---------------.

A. been repaired                         B. being repaired

C. repaired                         D. repairing

9. More than 50 films --------------- in HCMC since June.

A. were shown                         B. had been shown

C. have been shown                         D. have shown

10. George is --------------- Lisa.

A. marry with                         B. marry to

C. married with                         D. married to 

11. Somebody cleans the room every day.

a. The room every day is cleaned    

b. The room is every day cleaned

c. The room is cleaned every day   

d. The room is cleaned by somebody every day

12. They cancelled all flights because of fog.

a. All flights because of fog were cancelled.

b. All flights were cancelled because of fog.

c. All flights were because of fog cancelled

d. All flights were cancelled by them because of fog

13. People don't use this road very often.

a. This road is not used very often                        b. Not very often this road is not used

c. This road very often is not used                        d. This road not very often is used

14. Somebody accused me of stealing money.

a. I was accused by somebody of stealing money.

b. I was accused of stealing money

c. I was accused of stealing money by somebody

d. I was accused stealing money.

15. How do people learn languages?

a. How are languages learned?                         b. How are languages learned by people?

c. How languages are learned?                        d. Languages are learned how?

16. People warned us not to go out alone.

a. We were warned not going out alone

b. We were warned not to go out alone by people.

c. We weren't warned to go out alone.

d. We were warned not to go out alone.

17. Somebody is using the computer at the moment.

a. The computer is being used at the moment.

b. The computer at the moment is being used.

c. The computer is being used by somebody at the moment.

d. The computer is used at the moment.

18. I didn't realize that somebody was recording our conversation.

a. I didn’t realize that our conversation was recorded.

b. I didn't realize that our conversation was being recorded.

c. I didn't realize that our conversation was being recorded by someone.

d. Our conversation wasn't realized to be recorded.

19. We found that they had cancelled the game.

a. We found that the fame had been cancelled.

b. The game had been cancelled.

c. We found that the game had been cancelled by them.

d. The game were found to be cancelled.

20. They are building a new highway around the city.

a. A new highway is being built around the city.

b. A new highway is being built around the city by them

c. A new highway around the city is being built.

d. Around the city a new highway is being built.

Đáp án

1. C

2. A 

3. A

4. C

5. A

6. C

7. C

8. C

9. C

10. D 

11. C

12. B

13. A

14. B

15. A

16. D

17. A

18. A

19. A

20. A

Xem thêm tổng hợp các công thức Tiếng Anh đầy đủ, chi tiết khác:

Phân biệt cách dùng Although/ Though/ Even though/ Despite/ In spite of trong Tiếng Anh

Cách chuyển câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp trong Tiếng Anh