Với giải Câu hỏi trang 74 SGK Hoá học10 Cánh Diều Bài 13: Phản ứng oxi hoá - khử giúp học sinh dễ dàng xem và so sánh lời giải từ đó biết cách làm bài tập Hoá học 10. Mời các bạn đón xem:
Hoá học 10 Cánh Diều trang 74 Bài 13: Phản ứng oxi hoá - khử
Câu hỏi 5 trang 74 Hóa học 10: Trong phản ứng ở ví dụ 1, hãy chỉ ra chất khử, chất oxi hóa, quá trình khử, quá trình oxi hóa.
Lời giải:
(1)
(2)
Chất khử là chất nhường electron ⇒ Al là chất khử.
Chất oxi hóa là chất nhận electron ⇒ O2 là chất oxi hóa.
Quá trình oxi hóa là quá trình nhường electron ⇒ (1) là quá trình oxi hóa.
Quá trình khử là quá trình nhận electron ⇒ (2) là quá trình khử.
Câu hỏi 6 trang 74 Hóa học 10: Cân bằng các phản ứng oxi hóa – khử sau. Chỉ ra chất oxi hóa, chất khử, sự oxi hóa, sự khử.
a) Fe2O3 + CO → Fe + CO2
b) NH3 + O2 → NO + H2O
Lời giải:
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⇒ format('truetype')%3Bfont-weight%3Anormal%3Bfont-style%3Anormal%3B%7D%3C%2Fstyle%3E%3C%2Fdefs%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%224.5%22%20y%3D%2232%22%3E2%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22math18a121345d8781ea0e1492d0a67%22%20font-size%3D%2212%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2217.5%22%20y%3D%2214%22%3E%2B%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2212%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2225.5%22%20y%3D%2214%22%3E3%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20font-style%3D%22italic%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2214.5%22%20y%3D%2232%22%3EF%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20font-style%3D%22italic%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2223.5%22%20y%3D%2232%22%3Ee%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22math18a121345d8781ea0e1492d0a67%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2239.5%22%20y%3D%2232%22%3E%2B%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2254.5%22%20y%3D%2232%22%3E3%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22math18a121345d8781ea0e1492d0a67%22%20font-size%3D%2212%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2264.5%22%20y%3D%2216%22%3E%2B%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2212%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2272.5%22%20y%3D%2216%22%3E2%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20font-style%3D%22italic%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2267.5%22%20y%3D%2232%22%3EC%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22math18a121345d8781ea0e1492d0a67%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2289.5%22%20y%3D%2232%22%3E%26%23x2192%3B%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22106.5%22%20y%3D%2232%22%3E2%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2212%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22120.5%22%20y%3D%2216%22%3E0%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20font-style%3D%22italic%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22116.5%22%20y%3D%2232%22%3EF%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20font-style%3D%22italic%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22125.5%22%20y%3D%2232%22%3Ee%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22math18a121345d8781ea0e1492d0a67%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22141.5%22%20y%3D%2232%22%3E%2B%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22156.5%22%20y%3D%2232%22%3E3%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22math18a121345d8781ea0e1492d0a67%22%20font-size%3D%2212%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22166.5%22%20y%3D%2216%22%3E%2B%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2212%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22174.5%22%20y%3D%2216%22%3E4%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20font-style%3D%22italic%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22169.5%22%20y%3D%2232%22%3EC%3C%2Ftext%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E)
⇒ Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO2
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2NH3 +
O2 → 2NO + 3H2O
Có thể viết thành: 4NH3 + 5O2 → 4NO + 6H2O
Câu hỏi 7 trang 74 Hóa học 10: Các phản ứng trên thường gặp trong đời sống và trong sản xuất. Những phản ứng này thường diễn ra trong quá trình nào?
Lời giải:
- Phản ứng: Fe2O3 + CO → Fe + CO2
Thường diễn ra trong quá trình luyện gang.
- Phản ứng 4NH3 + 5O2 → 4NO + 6H2O
Thường diễn ra trong quá trình điều chế HNO3
Phương pháp hiện đại sản xuất HNO3 từ NH3 gồm ba giai đoạn
4NH3 + 5O2 → 4NO + 6H2O (phản ứng này thường được thực hiện ở 850 – 900oC, có mặt chất xúc tác platin)
2NO + O2 → 2NO2
4NO2 + O2 + 2H2O → 4HNO3
Luyện tập 6 trang 74 Hóa học 10: Cân bằng các phản ứng oxi hóa – khử sau: a) HCl + PbO2 → PbCl2 + Cl2 + H2O
b) KMnO4 + HCl → KCl + MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O
Lời giải:
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⇒ format('truetype')%3Bfont-weight%3Anormal%3Bfont-style%3Anormal%3B%7D%3C%2Fstyle%3E%3C%2Fdefs%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22math1d1f14eee793aa7f18cfa031bc3%22%20font-size%3D%2212%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%227.5%22%20y%3D%2214%22%3E%2B%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2212%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2215.5%22%20y%3D%2214%22%3E4%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20font-style%3D%22italic%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%225.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3EP%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20font-style%3D%22italic%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2215.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3Eb%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22math1d1f14eee793aa7f18cfa031bc3%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2231.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3E%2B%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2246.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3E2%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22math1d1f14eee793aa7f18cfa031bc3%22%20font-size%3D%2212%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2256.5%22%20y%3D%2214%22%3E%26%23x2212%3B%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2212%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2264.5%22%20y%3D%2214%22%3E1%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20font-style%3D%22italic%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2257.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3EC%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20font-style%3D%22italic%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2265.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3El%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22math1d1f14eee793aa7f18cfa031bc3%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2281.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3E%26%23x2192%3B%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22math1d1f14eee793aa7f18cfa031bc3%22%20font-size%3D%2212%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22101.5%22%20y%3D%2214%22%3E%2B%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2212%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22109.5%22%20y%3D%2214%22%3E2%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20font-style%3D%22italic%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2299.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3EP%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20font-style%3D%22italic%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22109.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3Eb%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22math1d1f14eee793aa7f18cfa031bc3%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22125.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3E%2B%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22140.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3E2%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2212%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22153.5%22%20y%3D%2214%22%3E0%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20font-style%3D%22italic%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22151.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3EC%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20font-style%3D%22italic%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22159.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3El%3C%2Ftext%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E)
4HCl + PbO2 → PbCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O
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⇒ format('truetype')%3Bfont-weight%3Anormal%3Bfont-style%3Anormal%3B%7D%3C%2Fstyle%3E%3C%2Fdefs%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22math1d1f14eee793aa7f18cfa031bc3%22%20font-size%3D%2212%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2212.5%22%20y%3D%2214%22%3E%2B%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2212%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2220.5%22%20y%3D%2214%22%3E7%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%224.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3E2%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20font-style%3D%22italic%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2215.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3EM%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20font-style%3D%22italic%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2226.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3En%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22math1d1f14eee793aa7f18cfa031bc3%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2242.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3E%2B%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2262.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3E10%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22math1d1f14eee793aa7f18cfa031bc3%22%20font-size%3D%2212%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2276.5%22%20y%3D%2214%22%3E%26%23x2212%3B%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2212%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2284.5%22%20y%3D%2214%22%3E1%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20font-style%3D%22italic%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2277.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3EC%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20font-style%3D%22italic%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%2285.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3El%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22math1d1f14eee793aa7f18cfa031bc3%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22101.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3E%26%23x2192%3B%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22math1d1f14eee793aa7f18cfa031bc3%22%20font-size%3D%2212%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22126.5%22%20y%3D%2214%22%3E%2B%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2212%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22134.5%22%20y%3D%2214%22%3E2%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22118.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3E2%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20font-style%3D%22italic%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22129.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3EM%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20font-style%3D%22italic%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22140.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3En%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22math1d1f14eee793aa7f18cfa031bc3%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22156.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3E%2B%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22176.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3E10%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2212%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22193.5%22%20y%3D%2214%22%3E0%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20font-style%3D%22italic%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22191.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3EC%3C%2Ftext%3E%3Ctext%20font-family%3D%22Arial%22%20font-size%3D%2216%22%20font-style%3D%22italic%22%20text-anchor%3D%22middle%22%20x%3D%22199.5%22%20y%3D%2230%22%3El%3C%2Ftext%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E)
2KMnO4 + 16HCl → 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O
Xem thêm các bài giải Hóa học lớp 10 Cánh Diều hay, chi tiết khác:
Mở đầu trang 70 Hóa học 10: Quá trình bị gỉ của đinh ốc ngoài không khí được mô tả như hình dưới đây: Trong quá trình này...
Luyện tập 1 trang 71 Hóa học 10: Xác định số oxi hóa của mỗi nguyên tử nguyên tố trong các hợp chất ion Al2O3, CaF2...
Luyện tập 2 trang 71 Hóa học 10: Xác định số oxi hóa của mỗi nguyên tử trong hợp chất sau: NO, CH4...
Câu hỏi 1 trang 71 Hóa học 10: Dựa theo quy tắc octet, giải thích vì sao số oxi hóa của O là -2, của kim loại nhóm IA là +1, của kim loại nhóm IIA là +2 và của Al là +3...
Luyện tập 3 trang 72 Hóa học 10: Xác định số oxi hóa của mỗi nguyên tử trong các hợp chất: Fe2O3, Na2CO3, KAl(SO4)2...
Luyện tập 4 trang 72 Hóa học 10: Xác định số oxi hóa của mỗi nguyên tử trong các ion NO3-, NH4+, MnO4-...
Luyện tập 5 trang 72 Hóa học 10: Xác định số oxi hóa của mỗi nguyên tử trong NH3 theo cách 2...
Câu hỏi 2 trang 72 Hóa học 10: Dựa vào độ âm điện, giải thích vì sao công thức ion giả định của OF2 là F-O2+F- mà không phải là F+O2-F+...
Câu hỏi 3 trang 73 Hóa học 10: Xác định số oxi hóa của các nguyên tử trong phản ứng (1), (2). Cho biết nguyên tố nào có sự thay đổi số oxi hóa...
Câu hỏi 4 trang 73 Hóa học 10: Nguyên tố Cl thể hiện bao nhiêu số oxi hóa trong phản ứng (3)?...
Câu hỏi 5 trang 74 Hóa học 10: Trong phản ứng ở ví dụ 1, hãy chỉ ra chất khử, chất oxi hóa, quá trình khử, quá trình oxi hóa...
Câu hỏi 6 trang 74 Hóa học 10: Cân bằng các phản ứng oxi hóa – khử sau. Chỉ ra chất oxi hóa, chất khử, sự oxi hóa, sự khử...
Câu hỏi 7 trang 74 Hóa học 10: Các phản ứng trên thường gặp trong đời sống và trong sản xuất. Những phản ứng này thường diễn ra trong quá trình nào?...
Luyện tập 6 trang 74 Hóa học 10: Cân bằng các phản ứng oxi hóa – khử sau: a) HCl + PbO2 → PbCl2 + Cl2 + H2O...
Vận dụng trang 75 Hóa học 10: Sắt bị gỉ trong không khí ẩm. Đó có phải là phản ứng oxi hóa – khử không? Đề xuất một vài biện pháp hạn chế sự tạo gỉ kim loại nêu trên...
Câu hỏi 8 trang 75 Hóa học 10: Hãy viết các quá trình thay đổi số oxi hóa của mỗi nguyên tử nguyên tố trong phản ứng oxi hóa hoàn toàn methane (thành phần chính của khí thiên nhiên)...
Vận dụng trang 75 Hóa học 10: Sắt bị gỉ trong không khí ẩm. Đó có phải là phản ứng oxi hóa – khử không? Đề xuất một vài biện pháp hạn chế sự tạo gỉ kim loại nêu trên...
Bài 1 trang 76 Hóa học 10: Xác định số oxi hóa của mỗi nguyên tử trong phân tử và ion sau đây...
Bài 2 trang 76 Hóa học 10: Xác định chất oxi hóa, chất khử, viết quá trình oxi hóa, quá trình khử trong các phản ứng sau...
Bài 3 trang 76 Hóa học 10: Cân bằng các phản ứng oxi hóa – khử sau đây bằng phương pháp thăng bằng electron...
Bài 4 trang 76 Hóa học 10: Nước oxi già có tính oxi hóa mạnh, do khả năng oxi hóa của hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)...
Bài 5 trang 76 Hóa học 10: Xăng E5 được tạo nên bởi sự pha trộn xăng A92 và ethanol (C2H5OH) theo tỉ lệ thể tích tương ứng là 95 : 5...
Xem thêm các bài giải Hoá học lớp 10 Cánh Diều hay, chi tiết khác:
Bài 12: Liên kết hydrogen và tương tác Van Der Waals
Bài 14: Phản ứng hoá học học và enthalpy
Bài 15: Ý nghĩa và cách tính biến thiên enthalpy phản ứng hoá học
Bài 16: Tốc độ phản ứng
Bài 17: Nguyên tố đơn chất halogen